Selective removal of lead using nanostructured chitosan ion-imprinted polymer grafted with sodium styrene sulphonate and acrylic acid from aqueous solution

Abstract

ABSTRACT Nanostructured material chitosan polymer grafted with styrenesulphonate and acrylic acid as ion-imprinted polymer have been synthesised and developed by a new method that provides control over the size and chemical structure. The utilisation of high-intensity ultrasound has been investigated for the synthesis of a nanostructured polymer that is often unavailable by conventional methods. The preparation of ion-imprinted polymer of chitosan as a backbone with grafting of sodium styrene sulphonate and acrylic acid are used for the removal of Pb2+in the presence of Zn2+ as interference ion where the maximum sorption capacities at 90 minutes and pH 4.0 are 82 and 30 mg/g, respectively. In the mean time, regeneration does not have a severe effect on the capacity of IIP. That mean the capacity decreases by 4% after 3 times regeneration.The results showed that ion imprinted polymer can be used with higher efficiency and selectivity in the presence of zinc. The kinetic studies were elaborated shows the corresponding of the theoretical and practical capacity following the models pseudo-second-order and elovich kinetic models and the results of thermodynamic parameters demonstrates that the sorption process is endothermic nature in all cases as the enthalpy equal 26.4 KJ/Mol and the free energy is −1.2 KJ/Mol. Finally, more disorder is associated with the sorption process and reflects good affinity of Pb2+ ion towards the IIP.