Selective removal of Cd(II), As(III), Pb(II) and Cr(III) ions from water resources using novel 2-anthracene ammonium-based magnetic ionic liquids

Abstract

Facile synthesis of two 2-anthracene ammonium-based magnetic ionic liquids (MILs), 2-anthracene ammonium tetrachloroferrate (III) ([2A-A]FeCl 4 ) and 2-anthracene ammonium trichlorocobaltate (II) ([2A-A]CoCl 3 ) was performed by protonation of 2-aminoanthracene, followed complexation with FeCl 3 /CoCl 2 . The MILs were tested in the adsorptive removal of Cd 2+ , As 3+ , Pb 2+ and Cr 3+ from water sources. Upon treatment with 10 mg dosage of MILs in 10 mL aqueous solution of 50 ppm each of Cd 2+ , As 3+ , Pb 2+ and Cr 3+ , adsorption capacity (mg/g) in the range of 5.73–55.5 and 23.6–56.8 for [2A-A]FeCl 4 and [2A-A]CoCl 3 respectively were recorded. Thus, the optimization, kinetic and isotherms studies were conducted using the [2A-A]CoCl 3 adsorbent. The [2A-A]CoCl 3 was more effective in pH 7–9, and equilibrium adsorption was achieved after 60 min contact time. The adsorption process proceeded via the Pseudo-second order pathway and the Langmuir isotherm model is the best fit for the adsorption process (with q max = 227 – 357 mg/g) of all the targeted metal ions. The [2A-A]CoCl 3 adsorbent demonstrated practicality with large distribution and selectivity coefficients of the targeted ions, and up to six times regeneration.