Selective Penile Arterial Embolization Preserves Long-Term Erectile Function in Patients with Nonischemic Priapism: An 18-Year Experience

Abstract

ObjectiveTo report long term outcomes of selective arterial embolization for nonischemic priapism on erectile function utilizing validated outcome questionnaires after selective arterial embolization. Materials and MethodsTwenty men, mean age of 36 years (range: 8-58 years), underwent selective penile embolization for nonischemic priapism between December 1997 and February 2016 (218 months). Each identified case of nonischemic priapism was embolized using gelatin sponge, autologous blood clot, platinum microcoils, polyvinyl alcohol particles, or a combination of these. A variety of procedural details, immediate complications, recurrence of nonischemic priapism, post-procedure performance on Sexual Health Inventory for Men and International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaires, and follow-up duration were recorded. ResultsMean time from development of symptoms until treatment was 117 days (range: 1-1,042 days). After selective arterial embolization, nonischemic priapism resolved in 18 (90%) patients. No patients with successful treatment of their nonischemic priapism developed a recurrence of nonischemic priapism during the study period following the initial treatment. Eight (40%) patients experienced ischemic priapism following embolization with 4 (50%) resolving after treatment. Mean post-procedure Sexual Health Inventory for Men score was 22.1 (range: 16-25). Mean post-embolization erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction domains on the International Index of Erectile Function were 25.8 (range: 16-30), 7.8 (range: 6-10), 7.4 (range: 5-10), 10.9 (range: 6-14), and 7.9 (range: 6-10), respectively. Mean follow-up was 4,601 days (range: 970-6,711 days). ConclusionResolution of nonischemic priapism following selective arterial embolization occurred in 90% of the patients. Two validated questionnaires showed no erectile dysfunction following treatment. Mild orgasmic dysfunction, sexual desire dysfunction, intercourse dissatisfaction, and overall satisfaction dysfunction were noted following treatment.