Abstract
Recently, the concentration, recovery, and purification of organic solvents from organic liquid mixtures in the chemical process industry, removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wastewater, concentration of alcohol in bio-fermentation, and analytical field have been very important subjects for the conservation of resources, energy, and the environment. Membrane separation techniques with high energy savings and high efficiency are promising techniques for the separation of materials. A membrane-based separation process, which is technically and economically feasible, is significantly dependent on both the design of chemical structure and construction of physical structure of the membrane, as well as on the development of new membrane separation techniques. Based on these viewpoints, in this chapter, the methods for membrane preparation, the structural design of highly selective membranes, the principles of membrane separation techniques that can be applied to the purification and separation of organic liquid mixtures, and several applications of these membranes for separations of water/alcohol, alcohol/water, water/organic liquid, organic liquid/water, VOC/water, organic liquid/organic liquid, and isomers, as well as facilitation of chemical reaction are described.
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