Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde over Pt and Pd Supported on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in a CO2-Expanded Alcoholic Medium

Abstract

Pt/MWCNT and Pd/MWCNT nanocatalysts were prepared via a liquid reduction method. The selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) was investigated over 5.0 wt.% Pt/MWCNT and 5.0 wt.% Pd/MWCNT catalysts in a CO2-expanded alcoholic medium at different reaction conditions. The hydrogenation selectivities over these two catalyst types were shown to be entirely different. It was found that the Pt/MWCNT catalysts are highly selective for C═O bonds, giving the unsaturated alcohol a selectivity for cinnamyl alcohol (COL) of 97.3% and a conversion rate for cinnamaldehyde of 99.3%. Conversely, the Pd/MWCNT catalyst is highly selective for C═C bonds, producing a saturated aldehyde with a selectivity for hydrocinnamaldehyde (HCAL) of 91.3% and a conversion rate for cinnamaldehyde of 98.6%. The small diameter of the Pt or Pd granules over the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) leads to a high catalyst activity, and an increase of CO2 pressure results in a better hydrogenation performance for C═O bonds than that for C═C bonds.