Selective detection of explosive nitro-aromatic compounds using the 2D organic nanosheets (2DONs) synthesize via 2D click chemistry directed by ultrasonication

Abstract

Recent advancements in click chemistry have made it an effective method for quickly and easily assembling extremely stable nanomaterial assemblies onto surfaces. Therefore, a new class of fluorescent sensor utilizing two-dimensional organic nanosheets (2DONs) for the selective sensing of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) has been proposed by using the click chemistry directed by the probe ultrasonication method (CCDPS) which is driven by the π-π stacking interactions with the aid of DMF solvent. Prolonged human exposure to 2, 4-DNPH has been associated with various detrimental health consequences, including skin conditions, liver issues, and disturbances to the central nervous and cardiovascular systems. Fluorescence titration tests with nanomolar scale limit of detection (LOD, 100 nM or 0.1 μM) and limit of quantification (LOQ, 0.4 μM) for 2,4-DNPH showed fluorescence quenching reactions and excellent reversibility. Additionally, zeta potential and UV-absorption spectroscopy were used to validate the interaction and binding characteristics of 2D ONs with 2,4-DNPH. In contrast to the widely reported ground-state charge transfer or FRET-based probes for nitroaromatics detection, the signal response for 2,4-DNPH was achieved by a strong inner filter effect with the combination of FRET (IFE-FRET).