Selective COX-2 Inhibitor Is Beneficial in Suppressing Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Esophageal Cancer Patients and May Prolong Patient Survival

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a common complication after surgical procedures. Radical resection of esophageal cancer is a complex procedure, one of the most extensive and traumatic surgical procedures in oncological surgery, and the incidence of postoperative chronic pain is high, seriously affecting patients’ postoperative recovery. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the incidence of CPSP in patients with esophageal cancer and to analyze the risk factors associated with its occurrence in order to provide certain prevention and treatment ideas for clinical prevention and reduction of CPSP. Methods: Patients with radical esophageal cancer resection were selected as the study subjects, and the clinical data regarding to patients’ preoperative comorbidities, ASA grading, surgical method, use of selective COX-2 inhibitors, postoperative analgesic pump use, and patients’ postoperative tumor recurrence time were collected. The differences in clinical data between the CPSP group and no-CPSP group were compared to analyze the risk factors for the occurrence of CPSP. Results: A total of 262 patients were included; 57 (21.76%) developed CPSP, and there were statistical differences between the two groups in terms of selective COX-2 inhibitor and postoperative analgesic pump use rates and surgical modality (p < 0.05), and logistic regression analysis showed that age and length of surgery increased the risk of CPSP, perioperative selective COX-2 inhibitor use decreased the risk of CPSP occurrence (p < 0.05), the extent of tumor infiltration and regional lymph node metastasis were risk factors for shortening tumor-free survival (TFS), and age and use of selective COX-2 inhibitor were influential factors for prolonging TFS (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with esophageal cancer have a high incidence of postoperative chronic pain, with youth and length of surgery being risk factors for CPSP, and perioperative pain management with selective COX-2 inhibitors can reduce the incidence of CPSP and is associated with prolonged TFS.