Abstract
Concentration potentials and electroosmotic flow through five asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes cured at 55, 65, 75, 85 and 95°C are measured in solutions in NaCl, CsCl HCl, CaCl 2 and LaCl 3. The influence of external concentration, counterion valency and curing temperature of membranes on their apparent transport numbers, permselectivity and electroosmotic permeability are determined. Hyperfiltration membranes exhibited the behaviour of loose, weakly charged cationic membranes. Selective behaviour is stronger the higher the curing temperature and the cation charge and the lower the external concentration. Counterions of high membrane affinity cause selectivity reversal. Results are correlated with the expected potential profile through asymmetric membranes. Electroosmotic permeability rises with the decrease in solution concentration up to a limiting value. Water transport measured in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth cations increases with hydrated size and/or charge of cations parallel to the cation-water friction coefficient. The electrokinetic cross coefficient obtained from electroosmotic measurements is found to vary with current density
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