Selective ω-thiocaprolactam-based recovery of Au(III) from chloride media in solvent extraction and polymer inclusion membrane systems

Abstract

The selective transport of Au(III) over Cu(II) and Hg(II) using ω-thiocaprolactam as extractant and carrier in solvent extraction and polymer inclusion membrane transport experiments is discussed. Solvent extraction experiments were carried out using the extractant dissolved in chloroform to establish the chemical equilibria involved in the Au(III)-ω-thiocaprolactam separation system. Au(III) is extracted into the organic phase quantitatively ( E (%) > 99%) at low extractant concentrations from aqueous HCl solutions. Cu(II) extraction kinetics is slow compared to Au(III) extraction, allowing for the efficient separation of both metals. Polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) are designed as alternatives to the use of high amounts of hazardous and expensive reagents. Several stripping phases were tested. Up to 70% of Au(III) can be recovered from 1 M HCl feed aqueous phase solutions. Interference from Cu(II) or Hg(II) is negligible at short times (160 min) in competitive ([M(II, III)] 0,feed = 0.1 mM) membrane transport experiments using a cellulose triacetate/NPOE/ω-thiocaprolactam PIM and a potassium iodide–hydrochloric acid aqueous stripping solution. Apparent diffusion coefficients in the membrane for Au(III) and Hg(II) in the system were estimated to be 2.2 × 10 −11 and 3.4 × 10 −15 m 2 s −1, respectively.