Selections of the cylinder implant neck taper and implant end fillet for optimal biomechanical properties: A three-dimensional finite element analysis

Abstract

In this paper, effects of the implant neck taper and the implant-end fillet on the maximum Von Mises stresses were evaluated in jaw bones, and maximum displacements examined in an implant–abutment complex by a finite element method (FEM). The implant-neck tapers ( T) ranged from 45° to 70°, and fillets of implant ends ( R) ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. Results suggested that under axial load by the maximum Von Mises stresses in cortical and cancellous bones decreased by 71.6% and 14.8%, respectively, and under 45° buccolingual load by 68.2% and 11.0%, respectively. The maximum displacement of implant–abutment complex decreased by 9.1% and 22.8% under axial and 45° buccolingual load, respectively. When T ranged from 64° to 73° and R exceeded 0.8 mm, minimum stress/displacement was obtained and the evaluating targets were more sensitive to T than to R. Data indicated that the taper of implant neck favored stress distribution in cortical bones more than the fillet of implant end did; taper of implant neck affected implant stability more than the fillet of implant end did; and the taper of implant neck of 64–73° and fillet of implant end exceeding 0.8 mm were optimal selections for the type B/2 bone in a cylinder implant by biomechanical consideration.