Selection potential for seed yield from intra- and inter-racial populations in common bean

Abstract

Common bean populations from crosses between lines of different races are thought to be more promising for selection of high yield potential than those from intra-racial crosses. Three distinct diallel crosses were made to test this hypothesis and to determine the possibility of substituting diallel crosses for multivariate techniques that estimate genetic divergence. The crosses were between races Mesoamerica × Mesoamerica, Mesoamerica × Durango and Jalisco, and Mesoamerica × Nueva Granada. The parents and the resulting F4 populations were evaluated at Lavras-MG, Lambari-MG and Patos de Minas-MG, Brazil. The diallel analysis of seed yield was done and the genetic divergence estimated by Mahalanobis distance. Estimates of general and specific combining ability indicated that some inter-racial populations were more promising for selection to increase seed yield than intra-racial populations. However, due to their undesirable seed color and size, and growth habit, especially in a short term breeding program, the chances of obtaining high yielding lines with an acceptable bean is reduced. Genetic divergence was not a good measure to choose the parents because usually, the most divergent groups included were not adapted lines.