Abstract
Since the advent of early agriculture, agriculture has sought to increase yields. The continuous development of tools and fertilizers, the cultivation of plants and animals, the accumulation of knowledge about the processes of product growth began more than 10,000 years ago and continues to this day. The modern development of transport has made it possible to achieve the indices of humanity unprecedented before.In recent years, the introduction of Internet technologies, satellite communication and geopositioning, robotics, sensors and automation systems has begun in agriculture. In 2016, GPS and GLONASS have already been implemented and are being actively used in agriculture, which made it possible to improve the accuracy of machinery movement across the field. The transition to robotic transport enabled precise parallel movement. The use of sensitive sensors allows you to monitor the condition of the soil, accurately take into account its composition in small areas and make fertilizers where necessary.Thanks to these technologies, the field of "precision farming" is spreading. UAVs are being used to monitor crops, spray fertilizers and insect repellents. And the implementation of technology is ongoing. It is anticipated that the application of Big Data in agriculture will significantly improve the quality of knowledge about the processes that occur when growing products. Now 2016-2018 is called "experimental" and predicts the rapid development of smart agriculture in 2019-2020 and subsequent years.In the areas of high-precision agriculture, land management and crop production, there are ample opportunities for the use of IoT technologies. In particular, the ability to monitor soil parameters - its temperature, humidity and moisture capacity, which is necessary for optimal irrigation and fertilization, as well as environmental parameters of land. Remote monitoring and control of these parameters requires the use of wireless technologies. Different ways of data transmission, their advantages and disadvantages in the energy plan, dependence on external factors, range and method of information transfer were considered in the article. On this basis, the conclusions about the most appropriate to use the system of data transmission from greenhouses to the server, which in turn have less energy consumption and the most optimal for data transmission, also considered the feasibility of using certain methods of charging, depending on their advantages.
Highlights
У той час як інші технології бездротового зв’язку, такі як Bluetooth і BLE (а в деякій мірі Wi-Fi і ZigBee), неможливо встановити для передачі даних на великі відстані, LPWAN, і зокрема її реалізація —
The continuous development of tools and fertilizers, the cultivation of plants and animals, the accumulation of knowledge about the processes of product growth began more than 10,000 years ago and continues to this day
The modern development of transport has made it possible to achieve the indices of humanity unprecedented before
Summary
Стандарт GSM (від назви групи Groupe Special Mobile, пізніше перейменований в Global System for Mobile Communications) — глобальний цифровий стандарт для мобільного стільникового зв'язку другого покоління, з поділом каналу за принципом TDMA та високим ступенем безпеки завдяки шифруванню з відкритим ключем. Стільникові телефони стандарту GSM функціонує в 4-х діапазонах частот: 850 МГц, 900 МГц, 1800 МГц, 1900 МГц. За даними асоціації GSMA на даний стандарт доводиться 82% світового ринку мобільного зв’язку, 29% населення земної кулі використовує глобальні технології GSM. A. GSM-900 Цифровий стандарт мобільного зв’язку в діапазоні частот від 890 до 915 МГц (від телефону до базової станції) і від 935 до 960 МГц (від базової стації до телефону). B. GSM-1800 Цифровий стандарт мобільного зв’язку в діапазоні частот від 1710 до 1880 МГц: Максимальна випромінювана потужність мобільних телефонів стандарту GSM-1800 — 1 Вт, для порівняння у GSM-900 — 2 Вт. Особливість GSM-1800 полягає в тому, що зона охоплення для кожної базової станції значно менше, ніж в стандартах GSM-900, AMPS / DAMPS, NMT-450.
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