Selection of variety and length of grape rootstock when growing grafted seedlings

Abstract

The industrial culture of grapes necessitates the formation of highly productive plantations. The grafted culture of grapes, in comparison with the own-rooted one, solves a number of problems of industrial viticulture. However, the increased costs for the production of grafted seedlings in comparison with own-rooted ones necessitate a reduction in the cost of their production, which can be achieved by reducing the length of the underground stem, and obtaining the greatest amount of yield can be achieved by choosing the right rootstock variety. An analysis of current research showed a lack of knowledge of this issue, which served as the basis for setting up research that was carried out from 2019 to 2020 in the fields ARRIV&W named Ya.I. Potapenko (branch of FRARC). The aim of the research was the selection, for grafted seedlings of the Prestige grape variety, of the optimal length and variety of the rootstock, with an assessment of the impact on biometric indicators. The rootstock variety had the greatest influence on the quality of seedlings. In the variant with the rootstock variety Kober 5 BB, the final yield of seedlings was low and varied from 8.1 to 37.2%. A significant increase in the yield of seedlings was observed when using the rootstock variety Riparia Rupestris 101-1, which varied from 30 to 48%, which is 1.3-3.7 times more than when using the rootstock Kober 5 BB. In addition to significant differences in the options when choosing a rootstock variety, according to the results of the research, there was a tendency to increase the final yield of seedlings with a decrease in the length of the rootstock from 45 cm (standard length of the rootstock) to 30 cm for both varieties.