Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of European models of water supply and wastewater management and their implementation in Ukraine. The authors review the classical models of EU water supply and water dsposal management: English, French and German, their historical and political roots, the theoretical basis. In parallel, the authors analyze the state policy in the sphere of water supply and wastewater of Ukraine, the principles of its formation and features, the current state of the sphere of water supply and wastewater, organizational and legal forms of water supply and wastewater enterprises. The article analyzes the current state of realization of public- private partnership in the field of water supply and wastewater with indication of existing contracts and contracts that have become invalid. It is proved that the difference between the water supply and wastewater companies of different management models in Ukraine is not marked, as the general state of the water supply and wastewater sector shows the existence of common problems characteristic of all enterprises. In particular, the ineffectiveness of tariff policies, depreciation of fixed assets, low quality of services, difficult financial condition, inadequate investment, etc. The authors discuss the possibilities of adaptation of classical management models in Ukraine and possible consequences. The article defines the institutional problems of the state policy of Ukraine in the sphere of water supply and wastewater, which influence the efficiency of the implementation and functioning of any model of management and regulation.
Highlights
The state policy of reforming the water supply and wastewater system of Ukraine since the 1990s was formed under the influence of the models of management and regulation of the developed countries of the world
The only enterprise of water supply and wastewater in Ukraine with a delegated municipal form of management, which according to some criteria corresponds to the German management model − private joint-stock company PRAT "AK Kyivvodokanal" privatized in 1999 according to the local program under the influence of the world tendency of privatization of the water sector 1990s AKV "Kyivvodokanal" holds 67% of the shares of the company belonging to the Private Joint Stock Company "Kyivenergoholding", 25% of shares - the municipal property department of Kyiv, the executive body of the Kyiv City Council (Kyiv city state administration), the remaining shares - to the shareholders of the members of the labor collective of the enterprise [25]
It should be noted that there is no significant difference between water supply and wastewater enterprises of different management models in Ukraine, since the general state of the water supply and wastewater sector shows the existence of common problems characteristic of all enterprises
Summary
The state policy of reforming the water supply and wastewater system of Ukraine since the 1990s (since independence) was formed under the influence of the models of management and regulation of the developed countries of the world. The only enterprise of water supply and wastewater in Ukraine with a delegated municipal form of management, which according to some criteria corresponds to the German management model − private joint-stock company PRAT "AK Kyivvodokanal" privatized in 1999 according to the local program under the influence of the world tendency of privatization of the water sector 1990s AKV "Kyivvodokanal" holds 67% of the shares of the company belonging to the Private Joint Stock Company "Kyivenergoholding", 25% of shares - the municipal property department of Kyiv, the executive body of the Kyiv City Council (Kyiv city state administration), the remaining shares - to the shareholders of the members of the labor collective of the enterprise [25]. As a result of the reform of the water supply and wastewater sector, from 2011, state regulation of 74% of the water supply and wastewater market is carried out by an independent state regulatory body (NEURC), while the rest of the market is regulated by local authorities [24]
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