Abstract
Transgenic maize hybrids expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin are considered an important technology to control lepidopteran pests of maize. Bt maize hybrids expressing the Cry1A(b) toxin have shown a significant level to fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), resistance, although larvae survival has been observed on these hybrids. In addition, S. frugiperda resistance to different insecticides has been reported.
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