Selection of sunflower lines - pollen fertility restorers that are resistant to herbicide euro-lightning by the general combining ability

Abstract

At present, imidazolinone herbicides, such as Euro-Lightning, are widely used in sunflower agrotechnology. Creation of sunflower hybrids that would be resistant to imidazolinone herbicides, combining high yield capacity with high oil content and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, is an urgent task. Assessment of the breeding value of sunflower lines – pollen fertility restorers that are resistant to imidazolinone herbicides by the general combining ability (GCA) is important for development of competitive hybrids.Aim and tasks of the study. Assessment of the breeding value of lines – pollen fertility restorers for effective use in the breeding of high-heterosis Euro-Lightning-resistant sunflower hybrids. To achieve this purpose, the following objectives were solved: to determine the GCA levels of lines - pollen fertility restorers by the GCA effects on 1000-grain weight, oil content, yield; to select valuable accessions to involve in breeding.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the experimental fields of the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev of NAAS in 2015 2017. Sunflower hybrid combinations created at the Plant Production Institute named after VYa Yuriev of NAAS from 12 new Euro-Lightning-resistant sunflower lines - pollen fertility restorers (H81V, H82V, H83V, H84V, H85V, H86V, H87V, H88V, H89V, H90V, H92V, Kh276V) were taken as the test material. Euro-Lightning-susceptible sterile female lines Skh503A, Skh1006A and Skh1002A were used as testers in crossings. All the experiments were carried out by conventional methods. The data were statistically processed, as BA Dosporekhov and P. Litun described.Results and discussion. Analysis of the GCA effects on 1000-grain weight, oil content in achenes and yield capacity made it possible to identify accessions with high GCA levels among the 12 Euro-Lightning-resistant lines-pollen fertility restorers.Based on the results of the 2015–2017 analysis of the GCA effects on 1000-grain weight, oil content and yield capacity, Euro-Lightning-resistant lines - pollen fertility restorers Kh276V, H85V, H87V, H86V and H82V were distinguished. They were characterized by high GCA for yield capacity, oil content and 1000-grain weight.Conclusions. The GCA levels in Euro-Lightning-resistant sunflower lines – pollen fertility restorers were determined. The accessions were ranked by the breeding value.The breeding-valuable lines Kh276V, H85V, H87V, H86V, H82V with high GCA for a set complex of traits (1000-grain weight, oil content and yield capacity in combination with resistance to herbicide Euro-Lightning ) were identified. Lines H85V and Kh276V were involved in new breeding programs to create Euro-Lightning-resistant high-heterosis sunflower hybrids. From line Kh276V, F1 sunflower hybrids ((Skh808A/1002B)//Kh276V, Skh503A/Kh276V, S2122A/Kh276V) giving high yields in the preliminary and competitive trials were obtained.