Abstract
In this study, selection of suitable carbon, nitrogen and sulphate sources were carried out by one-variable-at-time approach for the production of alkaline protease enzyme by Bacillus licheniformis NCIM-2042. Maximum levels of alkaline protease were found in culture media supplemented with magnesium sulphate, starch and soybean meal as a good sulphate, carbon and nitrogen sources which influenced the maximum yield of this enzyme (137.69±4.57, 135.23±1.73 and 134.74±1.77, respectively) in comparison with the other sulphate, carbon and nitrogen sources.
Highlights
A protease enzyme hydrolyses the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain forming a protein molecule
Maximum alkaline protease production was realised when the medium comprised of starch, soybean meal and magnesium sulphate as carbon, nitrogen and sulphate sources respectively
The protease production by other carbon sources were as follows: lactose (119.94±4.31), maltose (117.88±3.92), D-mannitol, (106.50±4.71), sucrose (98.55±2.61), glycerol (62.27±4.31), fructose (39.82±2.78); mannose (38.54±3.07) and glucose (32.36 ±3.39); which seemingly have less influence on protease production when compared to that of starch. These results were in accordance to previous reports for Bacillus sp. (Ferrero et al, 1996, Gusek et al, 1988, Hubner et al, 1993, Puri et al, 2002b)
Summary
A protease enzyme hydrolyses the peptide bonds that link amino acids together in the polypeptide chain forming a protein molecule. Proteases are essential constituents of all forms of life on earth, including prokaryotes, fungi, plants and animals. It can be cultured in large quantities in a relatively short time by established methods of fermentation and they produce an abundant, regular supply of the desired product (Gupta et al, 2002). Alkaline proteases enjoy a big share of the enzyme market with two thirds of share in detergent industry alone (Anwar and Saleemuddin, 2000). Besides they are used in leather, food and textile industries; organic synthesis and waste water treatment (Kumar and Takagi, 1999). Bacillus lichniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus lentus, for instance, are industrial protease producers (Gupta et al, 2002)
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