Selection of soybean genotypes for yield, size, and oil and protein contents

Abstract

A set of experiments was developed involving a randomized block design with three replications to evaluate 17 soybean genotypes for yield, size, and oil and protein contents. Soybean genotypes Conquista, CD 223 AP, Elite, Garantia, Bioagro, M-Soy 8400, M-soy 8001, Nambu, Sambaíba, Esplendor, UFVS 2006, UFVS 2005, UFVTN 102, UVF 18, UFV 16, Valiosa RR, and Vencedora were tested. The genotypes were compared and correlated with the following variables: plant height (PH), first pod height (FPH), yield, and oil and protein contents. The genotypes with the highest PH and FPH were Sambaíba, UFV 18, and Garantia, which, together with M-Soy 8001, also had the highest grain oil contents of 20.93, 21.16, 21.02, and 21.95, respectively. Genotype Bioagro had the highest grain protein content, and the genotypes Elite and Nambu were the most productive. Oil content had a negative correlation with protein content, and yield had a positive correlation with plant size in the evaluated soybean genotypes. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the main oilseeds produced in the world, and is being used in the production of oils, cosmetics, and human and animal feed, making the plant highly important for the economic development of producing and consuming countries. In Brazil, soybean development has occurred effectively through genetic breeding programs, which have increased yield through the selection of genotypes adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of each region (Vasconcelos et al., 2015; Finoto et al., 2017)