Selection of municipal solid waste disposal technology using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Genetic Algorithm for Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

Abstract

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management represents a significant challenge in rapidly urbanizing regions, notably within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study focuses on Kuwait, exemplifying the GCC context, to identify the most suitable MSW disposal methods. We integrate the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with Genetic Algorithms (GA) for a comprehensive evaluation and optimization of disposal options, considering 13 criteria across economic, environmental, technical, and safety dimensions. Five disposal methods (landfilling, controlled dumpsites, composting, incineration, and refuse-derived fuel [RDF] combustion) are analyzed for their fit to Kuwait's unique environmental and socio-economic conditions. The AHP analysis highlights the paramount importance of "Health & Safety of Employees" (19.8%), "Water Pollution" (16.2%), and "Air Pollution Control" (15.4%) as criteria, underscoring a regional prioritization of health and environmental considerations over cost. Composting and RDF combustion emerge as the preferred disposal methods, with AHP-derived priority percentages of 22.7% and 22.3%, respectively. GA optimization further validates these methods as optimally aligned with the regional waste management framework. Conclusively, composting and RDF combustion are identified as the most feasible MSW disposal options for Kuwait, with potential applicability across the GCC, contingent on alignment with local economic and environmental policies. This research provides a critical foundation for policymakers and stakeholders in crafting sustainable, region-specific waste management strategies.