Abstract
Sustainable pulpwood production from fast-growing tree plantations is needed for pulp and paper industries. To increase the pulpwood production efficiency, the anatomical characteristics and derived-wood properties of 75 trees from 15 half-sib families of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. planted in Thailand were investigated, and then the family was classified by suitability of wood as raw material for pulp and paper products using principal component analysis and clustering. The mean values of vessel diameter, vessel frequency, fibre diameter, fibre lumen diameter, and fibre wall thickness at 2 cm from the cambium were 128 µm, 16 no./mm2, 11.1 µm, 7.1 µm, and 1.88 µm, respectively. In addition, the Runkel ratio, Luce’s shape factor, flexibility coefficient, slenderness ratio, solids factor, and wall coverage ratio (i.e., derived-wood properties) were 0.53, 0.42, 0.64, 85.3, 68 × 103 µm3, and 0.34, respectively. Significant differences in fibre diameter, fibre lumen diameter, and Runkel ratio were found among families. Although significant differences among families were not found for other anatomical characteristics and derived-wood properties, the p-values obtained by an analysis of variance test ranged from 0.050 to 0.088. Based on the results of a principal component analysis and cluster analysis, 15 families were classified into four clusters with different expected pulp and paper characteristics. The suitability of wood from E. camaldulensis half-sib families for pulp and paper can be evaluated by principal component analysis using anatomical characteristics and physical properties as variables. Based on the results, desirable pulp and paper quality may be obtained through the selection of families from this species.
Highlights
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Pulpwood is one of the important forest products
The absolute loading values for PC1 were high for basic density, lignin content and Runkel ratio (Table 5)
The fact that the families in cluster D were located near the origin suggests that the wood from these families has average pulp and paper quality in relation to the 15 families used in this study
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Is naturally distributed in Australia, and it is extensively planted from tropical to temperate zones [4] The wood from this species is mainly used as raw material for pulp and paper products. [20] as raw material for pulp and paper products has been evaluated in previous studies by principal component analysis (PCA) using anatomical characteristics, chemical characteristics, and wood properties as variables. The suitability of wood as raw material for pulp and paper products in E. camaldulensis families or clones has not yet been evaluated by PCA. Based on the PCA and clustering results using the obtained anatomical characteristic data, the yield and quality of pulp and paper were estimated in each family to clarify the suitability of wood in each family as raw materials for pulp and paper
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