Abstract
This study aims to obtain the genotype of local Toraja red rice M2 mutants that have the potential to be developed into early maturing varieties and have high yields. Research carried out with a mass selection method consisting of two irradiation treatments, namely: (1) irradiation with a Carbon ion dose of 150 Gy (PL-C); (2) irradiation with Argon ion dose of 10 Gy (PL-A) and control as a comparison. Selected strains of M2 seed population were planted in experimental strains plus 2 strains as control, each row had 50 plants. Selection is done in two stages. The first stage, the selection is based on the criteria of plant growth components, to select rice plants that have early-middle age characters, dwarf-semi-dwarf, and many tillers. The second stage, selected strains from the scoring method were then grouped based on the degree of similarity with the cluster analysis method. Irradiation with ion beams produces mutants with shorter harvest times than their parents, with the harvest time 16-17 days or 10% shorter compared to their parents. This study produced 10 selected strains, 5 strains of carbon ion and 5 strains of argon ion irradiation treatment, and formed 5 groups with a 90% similarity coefficient.
Highlights
Based on data from the North Toraja Regency Agriculture Service (2013), Tana Toraja is one of the areas in South Sulawesi that has a diversity of local rice germplasm
This study aims to obtain the genotype of local Toraja red rice mutants that have the potential to be developed into early maturing varieties and have high yields
While the Argon ion irradiation treatment only produces only one plant that has the character of dwarf plant postures with a frequency of 0.9%
Summary
Based on data from the North Toraja Regency Agriculture Service (2013), Tana Toraja is one of the areas in South Sulawesi that has a diversity of local rice germplasm. Survey of local rice in Tana Toraja Regency conducted by Sahardi and Djufry (2013) reported that there were about 29 local Toraja rice varieties, each of which had exotic characteristics such as black, red, aromatic, and fluffier rice found in that regency alone. In general, has several disadvantages including long life, high plant posture and low yield (Wahdah et al 2012). This character is a limiting factor that can cause farmers' interest in growing local rice to be lower, so it is feared that it will cause a lack of availability of local rice cultivars as a source of germplasm
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