Abstract
The development of improved common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties one should consider not only grain production but also other traits such as grain type, growth habit and disease resistance. Based on these traits, a population of 154 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between common bean cultivars Ruda and Ouro Negro aiming to establish a permanent population for mapping purposes and also to select promising lines to be evaluated in preliminary tests at EMBRAPA - Arroz e Feijao. Mean yield per plant, seed color and growth habit were determined for the 154 RILs in a randomized complete block design with additional commercial varieties as controls. Resistance of the RILs were also evaluated under controlled conditions for seven races of Uromyces appendiculatus, three races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and four races of Phaeoisariopsis griseola, the causative agents for rust, anthracnose, and angular leaf spot, respectively. Ten RILs were selected, two with carioca seed type, four with black seeds and four with beige seeds. All selected RILs presented type IIb growth habit and were resistant to the all U. appendiculatus and C. lindemuthianum races used in this work. RILs numbered 38 and 113 were also resistant to the all P. griseola races. The selected RILs may give rise to common bean varieties with carioca type or beige seeds, bearing important disease resistance genes, and also to productive black seeded varieties, resistant to several diseases and with growth habit type IIb.
Highlights
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop in Brazil, economically and socially
In relation to growth habit, the cultivars with erect stands are preferred by the grower because they are easier to manage, harvesting losses are reduced, the quality of the grains is improved and the plant is less susceptible to attack by some types of pathogens
Evaluation for yield, grain type and growth habit was done in a field assay conducted between April and July 1999 in the UFV Experimental Station at Coimbra, MG
Summary
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop in Brazil, economically and socially. High yields can be achieved with the use of improved cultivars in association with correct and adequate crop management. Yield should be considered and grain type, growth habit and disease resistance. Cultivars with “carioca” type grains are the most widely consumed in Brazil, varieties with black, beige and red grains are consumed by a large portion of the population. In relation to growth habit, the cultivars with erect stands are preferred by the grower because they are easier to manage, harvesting losses are reduced, the quality of the grains is improved and the plant is less susceptible to attack by some types of pathogens. Several pathogens can attack the common bean causing considerable economic losses (Vieira, 1983). The use of resistant cultivars reduces the need for chemicals decreasing the costs of production and imposing less damage to the environment
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