Abstract
ABSTRACT In the sweet corn breeding, the selection of superior genotypes should consider many traits simultaneously. The best strategy to select traits simultaneously is through selection indexes. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of different selection indexes based on characteristics with direct effect on grain yield in segregating sweet corn populations. Eighteen traits were evaluated in eight sweet corn genotypes on generation F3. Data were submitted to analyses of variance and path coefficient analyses. We compared the direct and indirect selection and the following indexes: base, classical, desired gains and genotype-ideotype distance. According to path coefficient analyses, the traits which showed a direct effect about grain yield (GY) were stand, number of ears, ear diameter, number of grains per row and industrial yield, which composed the indexes. The base index provided the greatest total genetic gain, desired gains on all traits, uniform distribution of the gains and considerable gains on GY.
Highlights
No melhoramento genético de milho-doce, o processo de seleção de genótipos superiores deve considerar simultaneamente diversos caracteres
It is necessary to intensify the development of new materials, in addition to research related to the improvement of this crop to support future breeding programs
One of the most important parameters in plant breeding is the heritability, since it is directly related to the genetic gain
Summary
No melhoramento genético de milho-doce, o processo de seleção de genótipos superiores deve considerar simultaneamente diversos caracteres. De acordo com a análise de trilha, os caracteres que apresentam efeito direto com a produção de grãos (PG) foram estande, número de espigas, diâmetro de espiga, número de grãos por fileira e rendimento industrial, os quais compuseram os índices. In the genetic improvement of sweet corn, the process of selection of superior genotypes should consider several types of characteristics simultaneously, such as agronomic, chemical and organoleptic properties. In this context, the selection based only on one trait (direct selection), such as productivity, is not considered the most appropriated strategy, since there is no guarantee of genetic gains in other important traits, which may, or may not be correlated to the productivity To select superior sweet corn genotypes, various characteristics (simultaneous selection of traits) can be evaluated using selection indexes
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