Abstract
Abstract The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters, correlations, and selection gains for the oil production of interspecific hybrids progenies between American oil palm, of ‘Manicoré’ origin, and oil palm, of ‘La Mé’ origin. Thirty-nine progenies were evaluated from the sixth to the ninth year after planting, for the productivity of fresh fruit bunches (PROD_FFB), oil content in the bunch (OCB), and palm oil productivity (PROD_OP). The genetic parameters and gains from direct (GDS) and indirect (GIS) selection were estimated for PROD_OP. High values of heritability for the CVg/CVe ratio indicated favorable conditions for the selection. With the selection of 20% of the progenies (selection in both sexes), the following estimates were obtained: 11.15% GDS for PROD_OP, 9.1% GIS for OCB, and 8.1% GIS for PROD_FFB. The PROD_OP of the progenies was of 6,175, 6,057, and 5,995 kg ha-1 per year with GDS and GIS for OCB and PROD_FFB, respectively. The restricted selection of the LM2T male genitor offspring resulted in 5.1% estimated GSD and in a mean of 5,800 kg ha-1 per year for PROD_OP. Selection gains for PROD_OP can be achieved immediately through the selection restricted to oil palm male genitors, and, in the medium and long term, through the interspecific reciprocal recurrent selection between American oil palm and oil palm populations.
Highlights
Palm oil extracted from the mesocarp of the oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the most produced and commercialized vegetable oil in the world (USDA, 2021)
The experiments consisted of 39 progenies of full siblings obtained from controlled crosses involving 32 'Manicoré'-originated American oil palm female genitors, from 18 different families, and 13 'La Mé'originated pisifera-type oil palm male genitors, seven of which were from three different families of LM10T progenies, and six were from four different families of
The coefficients of experimental variation (CV%) for all traits were low, following the classification by Pimentel-Gomes (2009), which indicates the high precision of the experiment (Table 2)
Summary
Palm oil extracted from the mesocarp (pulp) of the oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the most produced and commercialized vegetable oil in the world (USDA, 2021). This rank is the result of the high productivity of the crop that is the highest among oilseeds, and the low cost of oil production (OECDFAO..., 2019). In the 1980s, Embrapa started the interspecific genetic improvement of oil palm (E. guineensis) with American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (HBK) Cortés), a species native to Central and South America (Cunha et al, 2012). In South America, Brazil and Colombia conduct the principal genetic improvement programs using the interspecific hybridization between American oil palm and oil palm (Rey B. et al, 2004; Bastidas et al, 2007; Cunha et al, 2012)
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