Selection for Yield, Rust Resistance and Quality Traits in Early Generations of Giza 171 X Sids 12 Cross of Bread Wheat

Abstract

The F2 and F3 populations resulting from Giza171 × Sids12 hybrid were used from 2015/2016 to 2018/2019 seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station to study the inheritance of some agronomic characters and resistance to rusts diseases and select new bread wheat families with high yield potential and good grain quality. Giza171 was preferable for yield and its components, while Sids12 was desirable for earliness characters. The ranges of the F2 and F3 populations went out the means of its parents for the studied characters. All characters showed moderate to high values of broad sense heritability in F2 and F3 generations. The best responsive characters to selection in F2 were No. spikes plant-1 and grain yield plant-1, while days to maturity was the least responsive character. F3 families hadhighly significant variations for all studied characters. Correlation coefficients referred that grain filling rate, followed by No. spikes m-2, then kernels weight spike-1, later the No. kernels spike-1 had the most impact on grain yield in F3 families. The resistance of yellow and leaf rusts was controlled by two dominant genes and stem rust was controlled by two complementary dominant genes. Thirteen promising families were high yielding, resistant to the three rusts and have appropriate height were selected to promote to the next advanced of segregating generations and five of them were preferable for grain quality of wheat.