Abstract
The study examined the relationship between socio-demographic and occupational factors and the level of occupational burnout using the dimensions of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DEP), and personal accomplishment (PA). It examined 560 nurses working in hospitals and primary healthcare units. We used: Maslach Burnout Inventory and a questionnaire including socio-demographic (sex, age, marital status, education, parental status) and occupational (period of employment, workplace, managerial functions, additional employment) factors. An average respondent was 38.13 (SD = 10.16) and had a BA degree (56.0%). The respondents reported average values of the EE (22.8), a low level of DEP (Me = 6), and a low PA (27.63). Nurses working on the intensive care unit had a chance of a high level of DEP that was 75% lower (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.13–0.50) than nurses working in conservative treatment units. Additional employment increased the risk of a high level of DEP (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.70–4.84). The chance of low PA was 64% lower in the case of nurse managers (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.13–0.998) than other nurses. Education, period of employment, additional employment, and managerial position had a significant influence on the level of occupational burnout. An analysis of nurses’ work overload and additional employment can be an interesting research area.
Highlights
Occupational burnout has been a subject of research for thirty five years, it is still a popular and frequently diagnosed problem which affects employees of all social services
The present study suggests that demographic variables and nurses’ work conditions are significant factors as far as nurse burnout is concerned
The model of multidimensional analysis made it possible to assess the influence of socio-demographic factors on the level of occupational burnout in nurses
Summary
Occupational burnout has been a subject of research for thirty five years, it is still a popular and frequently diagnosed problem which affects employees of all social services. It is currently becoming a burning issue of public health in numerous countries. In 2007, it was included as an underspecified additional diagnostic term in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) in the section referring to factors influencing health status and contact with health services. ICD diagnosis code Z73.0 defines this condition as “Burn-out” [1]. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2083; doi:10.3390/ijerph15102083 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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