Abstract
Although febrile seizures are the most common neurological complications of influenza, there are few studies comparing seizure characteristics and outcomes between patients with influenza and those with other respiratory virus (RV) infections. Medical records of pediatric patients presenting with seizures accompanied by fever, in whom RV infections were identified, were retrospectively reviewed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of seizures with fever due to influenza (n = 97) to those due to other RV infections (n = 113). Patients with influenza were older than those with other RV infections (p < 0.001), and 22.7% of them were aged ≥5 years. Seizure characteristics of complex febrile seizures were observed more frequently in patients with other RV infections than in those with influenza; however, the frequency of epilepsy was comparable between the two groups. For patients with influenza, children aged <5 years and those aged ≥5 years showed similar seizure characteristics and outcomes. Further neurological evaluations should not be based solely on patient age in children with influenza who experience late-onset seizures at ≥5 years of age. Long-term sequelae should be further investigated in these patients.
Highlights
Febrile seizure (FS) is defined as a seizure with fever, which is not caused by central nervous system (CNS) problems, occurring in children aged between 6 and 60 months without neonatal and unprovoked seizures [1]
Few comparative studies on the characteristics and outcomes of seizures accompanied by fever between pediatric patients infected by the influenza virus and those infected by other respiratory virus (RV) have been reported [7]
We conducted a retrospective study of pediatric patients with seizures accompanied by fever in a single university-affiliated hospital, and compared seizure characteristics and outcomes between patients infected by the influenza virus and those infected by other RVs
Summary
Febrile seizure (FS) is defined as a seizure with fever (body temperature over 38 ◦ C), which is not caused by central nervous system (CNS) problems, occurring in children aged between 6 and 60 months without neonatal and unprovoked seizures [1]. We encountered seizures accompanied by fever due to influenza virus infection in some older children and adolescents who were beyond the age range of FS [6]. These patients might have seizure characteristics and outcomes that are different from those of patients with FS due to the influenza virus or other RV infections. Few comparative studies on the characteristics and outcomes of seizures accompanied by fever between pediatric patients infected by the influenza virus and those infected by other RVs have been reported [7]
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