Seizure-like reactions induced by propofol in dogs: prevalence and clinical insight

Abstract

This study investigated the incidence of seizure-like reactions induced by propofol in dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UNIUBE over three years, highlighting its low frequency and the scarcity of reports in veterinary literature. During the study period, the prevalence of these reactions was 0,02% among dogs receiving propofol as a sedative or anesthetic agent. One case was described and discussed: a three-year-old female dog presented the reaction during anesthetic induction for elective ovariohysterectomy, was treated with ketamine, and showed resolution of signs, allowing the surgery to proceed without complications. Although rare, seizure-like reaction can occur in healthy, young dogs. Several theories have been proposed to explain its mechanism, including propofol antagonism to glycine receptors, stimulation of subcortical dopaminergic areas, and toxicity of metabolites. Ketamine treatment was effective in stopping the crisis in this specific case. In conclusion, seizure-like reaction is a reality in veterinary surgical centers, and ketamine administration is an effective option for its treatment.