Abstract
Road networks are considered as one of the most important transport infrastructure systems, since they attain the economic and social prosperity of modern societies. For this reason, it is vital to improve the resiliency of road networks in order to function normally under daily stressors and recover quickly after natural disasters such as an earthquake event. In the last decades, vulnerability assessment studies for road networks and their assets gained great attention among the research community. This literature review includes a brief introduction about seismic vulnerability assessment, followed by the roadway assets damage and their damage states, and then the main typologies for the vulnerability assessment of roadway assets. Moreover, it focuses on available assessment methods, which were proposed to quantify the vulnerability of road networks and its assets. These methods are divided into two main categories, physical and traffic-based approaches. Methods based on fragility functions and vulnerability indexes were investigated in physical approach for roadways and its assets. On the other hand, accessibility and link importance index were explored in traffic-based approach for road networks. This paper reviews and comments the most common vulnerability assessment methods for road networks and its assets and points out their advantages and disadvantages. The main gaps and needs are identified and recommendations for future studies are provided.
Highlights
Infrastructure is considered the backbone of our society and economy; it plays a crucial role in attaining the economic and social prosperity and sustainability of our world
One of the first attempts is attributed to Berdica [115], who defined the vulnerability of the road network as the susceptibility to events that can lead to various deficiencies in the serviceability of road networks
D’Este and Taylor [116] introduced a new approach to assess the vulnerability of road networks by performing an accessibility analysis based on two criteria: (i) a node is considered vulnerable if the loss or substantial degradation of a small number of links reduces the accessibility of the node; (ii) the link is considered critical if the loss of a particular link reduces the accessibility of the network
Summary
Infrastructure is considered the backbone of our society and economy; it plays a crucial role in attaining the economic and social prosperity and sustainability of our world. Transport systems are essential critical infrastructure and play a crucial role in maintaining national security and supporting the recovery of any country during and/or after natural disasters. Earthquakes are considered as one of the most destructive geophysical disasters that might affect and paralyze transport systems [1]. Road networks are one of the main forms of transport infrastructure that contribute to mobility and accessibility for users. According to the World Bank, about 80% of freight and passenger movements occur on road networks. Road networks as any other transportation infrastructure are exposed and could be vulnerable to various natural hazard incidents
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