Abstract
Wind turbines have been increasingly erected in earthquake regions to harvest abundant wind energy. However, the wind turbine tower is slender and lightly damping, which exhibits high susceptibility to earthquake-induced vibration. It is challenging to mitigate the seismic vibration of the tower. In this study, a bi-directional tuned mass damper (BTMD) is proposed to mitigate the seismic vibration of the wind turbine tower. Meanwhile, a lumped-mass finite element model (LFEM) and a coupled blade tower finite element model (CBFEM) are used to investigate the vibration mitigation performance of the BTMD. First, the BTMD and corresponding dynamic equilibrium equations are systemically introduced. Accordingly, the optimum stiffness and damping of the BTMD at different mass ratios are investigated. Then, the dynamic prosperities of the LFEM and CBFEM are compared. Subsequently, the seismic responses of the wind turbine with the BTMD are conducted using the LFEM and CBFEM. Meanwhile, the mitigation performances of the BTMD under uni- and bi-directional earthquakes are investigated. The displacement, acceleration, and bending moment of the wind turbine tower are analyzed in time domain and frequency domain. Note that the influential factors, including mass ratio and structural frequency, on the vibration mitigation performance of the BTMD are investigated. Results show that the proposed BTMD can significantly mitigate the peak values of the top displacement and bottom bending moment. However, the blade tower coupling effect and frequency variation of the tower would have influences on the mitigation efficiency of the BTMD. The results enable a better understanding of the seismic vibration mitigation of the wind turbine tower using tuned mass dampers.
Highlights
Wind generation overgrows with the merits of fine environment pollution, technology maturation, and sustainability
In the aspect of using TMD, Stewart and Lackner [14] examined the performance of tuned mass damper (TMD) on the vibration control of wind turbines, and the results demonstrated that the TMD could reduce tower fatigue load efficiently, in side-to-side directions
A bi-directional tuned mass damper (BTMD) is proposed to mitigate the seismic vibration of the wind turbine tower
Summary
Wind generation overgrows with the merits of fine environment pollution, technology maturation, and sustainability. Chen et al [21] proposed a spherical tuned liquid damper (TLD) to reduce the earthquake-induced vibration of wind turbines and investigated its performance of controlling the structural vibration via a 1/20-scale shaking table test. E higher vibration modes might be excited as the seismic energy has a broader frequency range, which can further contribute to or even govern the structural responses of the wind turbine In this case, using a single TMD in the nacelle and tuning it to the fundamental vibration frequency of the tower are not effective, and the damper should be installed at the location where the largest displacement occurs. A bi-directional tuned mass damper (BTMD) is proposed to mitigate the seismic vibration of the wind turbine tower. Where md, kopt, and copt are the optimal mass, stiffness, and damping of the BTMD, respectively, ω1 is the first-order natural frequency of the wind turbine, and m1 is the firstorder modal mass of the wind turbine
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