Abstract
Post-earthquake investigation shows that numerous reinforced concrete (RC) bridges were demolished because of large residual displacements. Improving the self-centering capability and hence resilience of these bridges located in earthquake-prone regions is essential. In this regard, a resilient bridge system incorporating engineered cementitious composites (ECC) reinforced piers and shape memory alloy (SMA) energy dissipation components, i.e., SMA washers, is proposed to enhance its resilience when subjected to strong earthquakes. This study commences with a detailed introduction of the resilient SMA-washer-based rocking bridge system with ECC-reinforced piers. Subsequently, a constitutive model of the ECC material is implemented into OpenSees and the constitutive model is validated by test data. The working principle and constitutive model of the SMA washers are also introduced. A series of dynamic analysis on the conventional and resilient rocking bridge systems with ECC-reinforced piers under a suite of ground motions at E1 and E2 earthquake levels are conducted. The analysis results indicate that the resilient rocking bridge system with ECC-reinforced piers has superior resilience and damage control capacities over the conventional one.
Highlights
More than 100 reinforced concrete (RC) piers were demolished because they suffered from large permanent drift ratio (i.e., 1.5%) after the 1995 Kobe earthquake [1]
In order to study the seismic response of the engineered cementitious composites (ECC)-reinforced structures, a constitutive model [45,46], which is capable of considering the computational efficiency and accuracy, is essential for establishing finite element (FE) model, e.g., OpenSees model
The self-centering material model is used to model the superelasticity of the shape memory alloy (SMA) washer set and the elastic-perfectly plastic material model is employed to simulate the precompression by designated an appropriate initial deformation
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The conventional post-tensioned (PT) rocking bridges have been studied by shake table tests recently [11,12,13] These studies revealed that these self-centering bridge systems were capable of sustaining a large drift ratio of up to 10%. Inspired by the existing studies on rocking piers and the application of emerging materials such as ECC and SMA, a resilient self-centering structural bridge system with. An FE model of the prototype rocking bridge with the SMA-washer-based ECC-reinforced rocking pier is established in OpenSees [45] to study the superiority of the proposed solution in alleviating seismic damage over the conventional bridges
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