Seismic prediction of oolitic beach thin-bed reservoir based on favorable facies belt constraints: Taking the second member of Feixianguan Formation in Jiulongshan area, Northwest Sichuan, China

Abstract

The second member of Triassic Feixianguan Formation in Jiulongshan area of northwestern Sichuan Basin has made breakthroughs in natural gas exploration and has great exploration potential. Drilling data show that the second section of Feixianguan Formation has developed multiple sets of reservoirs, which are mainly concentrated in the upper sub-member of the second member of Feixianguan Formation. The overall heterogeneity is strong, the lithology and physical properties are complex and changeable, the reservoir thickness is thin, and drilling is less, so it is difficult to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of oolitic beach reservoir, which restricts the natural gas exploration process in this area. For the oolitic beach reservoir in the upper sub-member of the second member of Feixianguan Formation of Jiulongshan area, using downhole reservoir characteristics and 3D seismic data, the reflection characteristics of oolitic beach reservoir are analyzed, and then the seismic response model of oolitic beach reservoir is established by forward modeling. It is clear that the seismic response characteristics of the reservoir in this area are weak amplitude-continuous reflection; through the use of layer flattening impression method to restore the ancient landscape of the second section of Feixianguan Formation, combined with seismic facies analysis and seismic amplitude attribute characteristics, The distribution characteristics of favorable facies belt for oolitic beach development are determined. Based on the distribution of favorable facies belt, this paper uses the relative impedance-based tuning amplitude inversion and waveform difference inversion method to make a fine prediction of the spatial distribution of the reservoir, defines the spatial distribution characteristics of the reservoir, and predicts the thickness and fracture development of oolitic beach reservoir. The prediction results of the reservoir thickness are in good agreement with the actual drilling results, which confirms the application of this prediction method in this area. According to the fracture development, wave impedance value less than 1.6×106 g/(cm2·s), reservoir thickness, and other indicators, the favorable development area of oolitic beach reservoir is further delineated, which provides a favorable basis for the next exploration and development.