Seismic Performance of Drop-In Anchors in Concrete under Shear and Tension

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study conducted on the behavior of drop-in anchors in uncracked concrete slabs. Both seismic (cyclic) load tests and static load tests to collapse are performed on drop-in anchors subjected to tension or shear forces. Three different anchor sizes are subjected to seismic qualification testing, followed by a static load test to collapse. The test results confirm the capability of the tested anchors to sustain simulated pulsating seismic tension and shear loading with frequency ranges between 0.1 and 2.0 Hz. It was observed that no tension failure occurred at the end of the cyclic load tests for all the tested anchors, and their residual inelastic maximum displacement at the end of the cyclic tension test was relatively small. Moreover, the experimental results show that the anchors’ ultimate capacities are higher than those specified by the anchor manufacturer. Finally, the anchors’ experimental pullout shear capacities are compared with the failure prediction equations in the literature and design codes. It is found that the theoretical models provide a conservative prediction of the concrete breakout of anchors in tension compared to the experimental ultimate loads. The coefficient for pry-out strength (kcp) equal to 2 or slightly smaller than 2 is likely to predict a better pry-out capacity with the experimental results compared to the application of the high conservative value of kcp equal to 1, as given in the code.