Abstract
A substantial proportion of proven oil and gas reserves of the world is contained in the carbonate reservoir. It is estimated that about 60% of the world’s oil and 40% of gas reserves are confined in carbonate reservoirs. Exploration and development of hydrocarbons in carbonate reservoirs are much more challenging due to poor seismic imaging and reservoir heterogeneity caused by diagenetic changes. Evaluation of carbonate reservoirs has been a high priority for researchers and geoscientists working in the petroleum industry mainly due to the challenges presented by these highly heterogeneous reservoir rocks. It is essential for geoscientists, petrophysicists, and engineers to work together from initial phases of exploration and delineation of the pool through mature stages of production, to extract as much information as possible to produce maximum hydrocarbons from the field for the commercial viability of the project. In the absence of the well-log data, the properties are inferred from the inversion of seismic data alone. In oil and gas exploration and production industries, seismic inversion is proven as a tool for tracing the subsurface reservoir facies and their fluid contents. In this paper, seismic inversion demonstrates the understanding of lithology and includes the full band of frequency in our initial model to incorporate the detailed study about the basin for prospect evaluation. 3D seismic data along with the geological & petrophysical information and electrologs acquired from drilled wells are used for interpretation and inversion of seismic data to understand the reservoir geometry and facies variation including the distribution of intervening tight layers within the Miocene carbonate reservoir in the study area of Central Luconia. The out-come of the seismic post-stack inversion technique shows a better subsurface lithofacies and fluid distribution for delineation and detailed study of the reservoir.
Highlights
In southeast Asia, the deposition of tropical shallow-water carbonates including reefs was extensive in the tectonically complex region during the Tertiary time (Epting 1987; Wilson 2002)
The study has helped to analyze the factors that have contributed to the evolution and demise of Middle to Late Miocene carbonate platforms in the Central Luconia Province of Sarawak Basin
The integrated study assisted in the paleo-geographical reconstruction of the carbonate platforms in Luconia province for an improved understanding of reservoir facies and heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs that may affect reservoir performance
Summary
In southeast Asia, the deposition of tropical shallow-water carbonates including reefs was extensive in the tectonically complex region during the Tertiary time (Epting 1987; Wilson 2002). It is important to understand this complex depositional setting of Central Luconia carbonates, the architecture of Miocene isolated carbonate platforms, and reservoir heterogeneity caused by diagenetic changes for hydrocarbon exploration and field development.
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