Abstract
There are many Earth-fill dams in Japan, which are mostly used for irrigation use. Most of these dams in Japan were constructed by experience over 100 years ago. There are so many irrigation dams, which suffered earthquake damage in the past. Due to the damages, the cracks at the crest in the dam-axis direction have been reported in many cases. For the rock-fill dam recently constructed, the crack on the crest in the dam-axis direction has also been found in the case of a large earthquake. The mechanism of such a crack has not been discussed well. In this study, to clarify the mechanism of a crack in the dam-axis direction, a centrifugal loading test was applied to the dam with a 50 G gravity field. As a result, the critical level of strain was observed at the crest of the model, and it was found that the horizontal displacement at the upper part of the dam was excessive. It can be concluded from the study that the seismic cracks in the dam-axis direction occurred due to the excessive tensile stress, which was not considered in the design process.
Highlights
Many irrigation dams were not designed for earthquake resistance, and the cracks at the crest in the direction of the dam axis are remarkable
The authors already carried out the 1-G shaking test and inferred that the tensile stress is the reason for the crack by observing the behavior of the cross section [3], this study aims to confirm more concretely the reason
It can be concluded from the experimental results as follows: 1. The cracks in the dam-axis direction can be realized by the experiment
Summary
In Japan, there are approximately two hundred 10,000 small-Earth dams, which have significant reservoirs for irrigation. Many irrigation dams were not designed for earthquake resistance, and the cracks at the crest in the direction of the dam axis are remarkable. The old Earth-fill dam and the recent rock-fill dam has a crack in the dam-axis direction when the big earthquake hit. This dam was designed for earthquake resistance. The centrifuge loading test is carried out to confirm the mechanism of the crack at the crest. The simple numerical simulation has tried to reproduce the experimental results
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