Segregation distortion in homozygous lines obtained via anther culture and maize doubled haploid methods in comparison to single seed descent in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

article Background:The quality of wheat graindepends on severalcharacteristics,among which thecomposition of high molecularweightgluteninsubunits,encodedbyGlu-1loci, are the most important. Application of biotechnological toolstoaccelerate the attainmentof homozygouslinesmayinfluence the proportion of segregated genotypes. The objective was to determine, whether the selection pressure generated by the methods based on in vitro cultures, may cause a loss of genotypes with desirable Glu-1 alleles. Results: Homozygouslineswerederivedfromsixwinterwheatcrossesbypollinationwithmaize(DH-MP),anther culture (DH-AC) and single seed descent (SSD) technique. Androgenetically-derived plants that originated from the same callus were examined before chromosome doubling using allele-specific and microsatellite markers. It was found that segregation distortion in SSD and DH-MP populations occurred only in one case, whereas in anther-derived lines they were observed in five out of six analyzed combinations. Conclusions: Segregation distortion in DH-AC populations was caused by the development of more than one plant of the same genotype from one callus. This distortion was minimized if only one plant per callus was included in the population. Selection of haploid wheat plants before chromosome doubling based on allele-specific markers allows us to choose genotypes that possess desirable Glu-1 alleles and to reduce the numberof plants inthe next steps of DH production. The SSDtechnique appearedto be the most advantageous