SEGMENTAL ODONTOMAXILLARY DYSPLASIA: A RARE DISORDER

Abstract

<h3>Introduction</h3> Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia (SOD) is a rare nonhereditary developmental disorder of the maxilla. It is characterized by painless unilateral enlargement of the right or left maxillary alveolar bone. In the enlarged region, dental anomalies such as missing teeth and delayed eruption occur. The diagnosis of SOD is based mainly on clinical and radiographic presentation but can be augmented by histologic findings. <h3>Case Report</h3> A 12-year-old male patient was referred to our department for evaluation of delayed eruption of teeth. The patient was otherwise asymptomatic and had no significant past medical or family history. He underwent clinical, radiographic, and histologic examination. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed hypodontia of the upper right premolars and displacement of the unerupted teeth in the upper right quadrant. Furthermore, there was an abnormal trabecular pattern involving a large portion of the right maxillary alveolus. Histologic examination showed the presence of coarse trabeculae of vital woven bone supported by a small amount of coarse fibrous tissue. The vessels in the fibrous tissue were distended, but there was no evidence of active inflammation or tumor. A diagnosis of SOD was made. <h3>Discussion</h3> It is important that dental practitioners consider SOD as a differential diagnosis when encountering patients with unilateral maxillary alterations or facial asymmetry. Early diagnosis before the loss of deciduous teeth can help improve outcomes. Although the features of SOD are well described, there are only a few documented cases in the literature, and the condition can easily go undiagnosed.