SEEDLING EMERGENCY AND BIOMETRY OF FRUITS AND SEEDS OF Cariniana pyriformis FROM THE MIDDLE MAGDALENA VALLEY, COLOMBIA

Andrés Iván Prato Sarmiento,Diego Alejandro Zaraté Caicedo,Jhon Jairo Zuluaga Peláez,Sandra Liliana Castañeda Garzón

doi:10.1590/01047760201925022596

Andrés Iván Prato Sarmiento, Diego Alejandro Zaraté Caicedo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760201925022596

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Aiming at contributing to the knowledge of the biology and propagation of Cariniana pyriformis Miers, a native species with high timber and ecological attributes, ripe fruits were harvested. Initially, in 400 seeds and 320 fruits, the size, fresh mass, seed water content, number of seeds per fruit, number of seeds per kilogram and fruit color were assessed. Then, a homogenous seed sample was immersed for 24 hours in five doses (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg.L-1) of gibberellins (GA3) and cultivated in a greenhouse. For this, a completely randomized design was adopted with six replications of 25 seeds each. Fruits and seeds showed values, on average ± standard deviation, of 76.1 ± 11 mm and 48.1 ± 8.2 mm in length, and 49.6 ± 5 mm and 7.2 ± 0.7 mm of width, respectively, with 62.3 ± 22.3 g of fresh mass per fruit and 13 ± 3.1 seeds per fruit. One kilogram corresponded on average to 6715 seeds with 11% water content. In the greenhouse, emergence speed index and emergency percentage of seedlings increased as the GA3 dose increased, allowing a more concentrated emergency process in a shorter period. Highest variation was found for fresh mass per fruit (CV= 35%) and number of seeds per fruit (CV= 24%). Immersion in 1000 mg.L-1 in GA3 for 24 hours triggers seedling emergency in C. pyriformis (approx. 71%), and then it is recommended for plant propagation, since the treatment accelerated and synchronized seedling emergency.

Highlights

Chibugá, piloncillo, bacú or Colombian mahogany (Cariniana pyriformis Miers) is a forest species belonging to the Lecythidaceae family and Lecythidoideae subfamily (Huang et al, 2015; Cárdenas et al, 2015)
The species is categorized as Critically Endangered, being the reason why some municipalities in Colombia maintain a ban on a ban on commercial logging (Cárdenas et al, 2015)
In addition to its high timber attributes, abarco has the potential to be recommended in ecological restoration programs, just as the species Cariniana legalis (Mart.) Kuntze and Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze that have been used in coffee agroforestry systems (AFS) in Brazil (Karsten et al al., 2014; Nicodemo et al, 2016)

Summary

Introduction

Chibugá, piloncillo, bacú or Colombian mahogany (Cariniana pyriformis Miers) is a forest species belonging to the Lecythidaceae family and Lecythidoideae subfamily (Huang et al, 2015; Cárdenas et al, 2015). This subfamily is restricted to tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere and includes 11 genera and 210 described species, with the Amazon basin and non-flooded lowland forests of the Guianas as the center of diversity (Huang et al, 2015). The genus Cariniana includes 17 species, eight of which occur naturally in Brazil (Smith et al, 2015). In addition to its high timber attributes, abarco has the potential to be recommended in ecological restoration programs, just as the species Cariniana legalis (Mart.) Kuntze and Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze that have been used in coffee AFS in Brazil (Karsten et al al., 2014; Nicodemo et al, 2016)

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