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Abstract
This work aimed to study different seeding rates in soybean, at management zones determined by the mapping of the soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and its relationships with plant phenology and grain yield (GY). The experiment consisted of a completely randomized design, with six replications. The plant population ranged between 311,000, 360,000, and 422,000 plants ha-1, and the fixed population (360,000 plants ha-1). The management zone with the least yield potential, received the highest seed population. The management zone with the highest plant vigor potential, received the lowest seed population. The variables plant height, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at 50, 66, and 92 days after emergence (DAE), one hundred-grain weight, and GY were analyzed. ECa maps can be used to decide the seed population of the soybean. The decision strategy of increasing 20% of the seed soybean population on the smaller ECa map zones, and decreasing 20% seed population on higher ECa zones was effective and resulted in similar GY, even with the negative pressure of the high resistance of penetration (RP) values in some zones. GY map variability was influenced by ECa 0-0.2 m, by NDVI at 92 DAE and by RP 0.4-0.6 m soil layer.
Highlights
IntroductionL. Merrill) is the most important legume crop worldwide
The exponential model was adjusted for all variables, according to the cross-validation, except for the variables electrical conductivity (ECa) and resistance of penetration (RP) at 0.00.2 m, which presented the best fit of the spherical model
The decision strategy of increasing 20% of the seed soybean population on the smaller ECa map zones, and decreasing 20% seed population on higher ECa zones was effective and resulted in similar grain yield, even with the negative pressure of the high RP values in some zones
Summary
L. Merrill) is the most important legume crop worldwide. Merrill) is the most important legume crop worldwide It plays an essential role in the Brazilian economy owing to the large volume produced and exported (Yorinori 2007, CONAB 2018). With the increase in the world’s population and the demand for food, the constant challenge is to increase production sustainably. To this end, efficient crop management and higher accuracy technologies are crucial for more profitable agriculture (Velandia et al 2008)
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