Abstract
The need of functional foods that provide health benefits beyond the essential nutrient has caused foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) potential to be developed. The foxtail millet superior development needs to be equipped by the production of pathogen-free seeds. Seed-borne pathogens have the potential to inhibit plant growth, reduce plant productivity, change the nutritional content of plants, and may cause new plant disease epidemics. This study aimed to detect and identify fungi associated with foxtail millet seeds genotype ICERI-6 from the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros which have 8 mo shelf life. Seeds surface-sterilized with NaOCl was grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated for 4 days. Detected fungal colonies were recultured on PDA medium to be characterized by morphological characteristics. The colonies were dominated by Fusarium oxysporum (52%) followed by F. verticilloides, Curvularia sp., Helminthosporium sp., Cladosporioum sp., and Rhizoctonia solani ranging from 4% to 13%. The fungal growth rate varies from 0.73 - 2.67 cm per day. Hot water treatment with temperature 52 oC for 20 min could reduce the percentage of infection by up to 64% without the reduction of seed germination. Detection of pathogens at different shelf lives and genotypes is needed as basic information to optimizing the method of controlling seed-borne pathogen in foxtail millet seeds. Keywords: growth rate, hot water treatment, incubation, morphological characterization, shelf life.
Highlights
IntroductionBeauv.) is a functional food that has high potential to be developed in future plant breeding
The colonies were dominated by Fusarium oxysporum (52%) followed by F. verticilloides, Curvularia sp., Helminthosporium sp., Cladosporium sp., and Rhizoctonia solani ranging from 4% to 13%
F. verticilloides has pink to violet colony color
Summary
Beauv.) is a functional food that has high potential to be developed in future plant breeding. This plant has several superiorities such as high protein, antioxidant, fiber, mineral, and supplementation to control type-2 diabetics (Thatola 2010). This millet is tolerant to water and salinity stress (Moharil et al 2019). These agronomical superiorities have to be followed by an effort to produce healthy seeds. Healthy seeds will produce plants with optimum productivity with nutritional stability as well as its genetic potential. Healthy seeds can prevent or minimize disease incidence in the field due to the transmission of seed-borne pathogens
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