Seed Priming Wheat Triticum aestivum L. to improve water use efficiency under different moisture levels

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the experiments of field crops Department field - Faculty of Agriculture - University of Baghdad, during the season 2013 -2014 .The objective was to investigate the effect of seed priming wheat before sowing on the wheat plants tolerance to the drought compared with the non- priming seeds and its relationship with the growth and grain yield. Use the R.C.B.D design in the arrangement of split- plot with three replicates. The drought treatment (50, 70, and 90%) depletion of available water of occupied the main plots. While seed priming treatments (gibberellins, Kinetin, cycocel, salicylic acid, kcl, Ascorbic acid, distilled water and Dry seedss). The results of experiment revealed that there were significant differences between seed priming treatments with emergence. The results of the trial showed that, the moral effect of the seed priming in the proportion of emergence. The average emergence field rate of 78.4% for the treatment of Dry seed to 87.4% using the seed priming with Gibberellin, with increase ratio 11.47%, so as with KCL and Salicylic acid is the other significant increases amounted to 9.31% and 8.62 % compared to the treatment comparison Dry seed . Moisture depletion treatment 90% with seed priming by Salicylic acid increase in water use efficiency of grain reached quotient 1.850 kg. M3 increase exceeded 100% compared to the treatment comparison Dry seed at the same level of attrition 90% causing moisture depletion at 90% with no motivation Dry seeds in the reduction of water use efficiency of cereal quotient 0.8381 kg M3 as the table itself, that moisture depletion at 90% with Gibberellin has achieved an increase in the efficiency of water use for the quotient with biological efficiency 3.8823 kg. M3 compared to treatment comparison Dry seed at the same level of 90% and an efficiency recorded 3.143 kg M3. Seed priming with Gibberellin and Salicylic acid gave the highest values of water use efficiency. The interaction between depletion levels and seed priming was significant for all studied traits.