Abstract
Natural edible oil derived from wild non-cultivated oil crops contributed to human daily nutritional diversity and disease prevention. It was important to investigate the nutritional value of these oils and the feasibility of crop cultivation. The present study focused on the assessment of seed oil quality of Sambucus williamsii Hance (SWH) and its molecular breeding. Wild SWH seed oil was extracted by supercritical CO2 technology and the composition of the oil was determined by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The oil content of SWH seeds reaches around 40%. Its seed oil was found to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as 24.24% of linolenic acid and 50.56% of linoleic acid, and vitamin E (25.92 mg kg−1). The cytotoxicity and heavy metal analysis showed SWH seed oil was safe for consumption. In addition, the SWH strains with excellent characteristics were screened out for cultivation according to genetic diversity and morphological analysis. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 28 accessions of wild SWH seeds and 5 accessions were selected to cultivate. Among them, two strains of SWH (sample 3 and 6) with high yielding (275.7 and 266.8 area yield kg−1) were suitable for dense planting and could be used to establish the raw material forest of SWH seed oil. The results of this study indicated the potential of development of selected SWH as novel oil crops and their wide cultivation.
Highlights
In recent years, wild edible fruits, such as elderberries have become more and more popular
Through comparing the survival rate of cells treated with Sambucus williamsii Hance (SWH) oil to the cells without being treated, the results showed that the cytotoxicity of SWH oil increased with the increase of concentration
In terms of the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of fatty acids showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acid in SWH seed oil was
Summary
Wild edible fruits, such as elderberries have become more and more popular. Studies have shown that they have excellent medicinal value and health functions due to their high levels of non-nutritive, nutritional, and biologically active compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolics, anthocyanins, sugars, essential oils, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals [1,2,3]. Bioactive compounds from wild plants have beneficial effects on human health, which showed the potential to be developed into pharmaceuticals and various nutritions. We will report Sambucus williamsii Hance (SWH), as a widespread genus of shrubs growing in China, can be utilized to produce sufficient chemical contents to such as, lignans, terpenoids, phenolic acids, aliphatic compounds, and essential oils [4]. Public attention on oils for nutrition and pharmaceuticals is on the rise, the demands for oil-bearing fruits/crops become important [5]. There is an opportunity and challenge for us to develop more
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