Seed germination in a narrow endemic species (Telekia speciosissima, Asteraceae): Implications for ex situ conservation

Abstract

Telekia speciosissima is an endemic chasmophyte of limestone and dolomite boulders in the Lombardy Prealps. It is included in the Italian Red List as a low-risk species. Seed germination dynamics of this plant were studied with the aim of producing germination protocols to use in ex situ conservation and recovery projects. Cold stratification and light requirements were investigated as potential factors improving seed germination. Seed samples were therefore stratified at 6 – 10°C during 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 180 days and then tested at higher temperature in continuous darkness or in a light/dark regime. Germination tests showed that seed dormancy was broken by cold stratification, while light promoted germination itself. These two factors strongly influenced germination dynamics and parameters. The highest germination percentage (91.8%) was attained after 90 days of cold stratification before testing seeds in light condition. However, a decrease in germination percentages occurred after a stratification of 150 days. An interpretation of these results is given according to the biological and ecological characters of the species, especially with respect to the need for establishing a transient seed bank.