Abstract
It has been reported that wild Brassica and related species are widely distributed across Xinjiang, China, and there has been an argument for species identification. Seed coat microsculpturing (SCM) is known to be an excellent character for taxonomic and evolutionary studies. By identifying collections from Xinjiang, China, and combining SCM pattern, flow cytometry, and genome-specific DNA markers as well as sexual compatibility with known species, this study aimed to detect potential relationships between SCM and genomic types in wild Brassica and related species. Three wild collections were found to be tetraploid with a SCM reticulate pattern similar to B. juncea, and containing A and B genome-specific loci, indicating relatively high sexual compatibility with B. juncea. The others were diploid, carrying S-genome-specific DNA markers, and having relatively high sexual compatibility with Sinapis arvensis. Moreover, their SCM was in a rugose pattern similar to that of S. arvensis. It was suggested that SCM, as a morphological characteristic, can reflect genomic type, and be used to distinguish B-genome species such as B. juncea from the related S. arvensis. The relationship between SCM and genomic type can support taxonomic studies of the wild Brassica species and related species.
Highlights
The Brassicaceae family comprises about 338 genera and 3700 species, the majority of which are distributed in the temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere [1]
All three accession numbers of S. arvensis had a rugose pattern, the irregular elevations making up the wrinkles and running mostly in one direction
The results showed that seed coat microsculpturing (SCM) patterns of the species with B genome (e.g. B. nigra and B. juncea) had a reticulate pattern, while the plants of S. arvensis that contained the S-genome appeared with a rugose seed coat pattern
Summary
The Brassicaceae family comprises about 338 genera and 3700 species, the majority of which are distributed in the temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere [1]. While a large body of research describes the anatomy of seed coats of Brassicaceae plants, to date only a few wild species have been observed [10,11,12,13]. These studies suggest that SCM patterns at high magnification are species-specific in Brassica and its related species. A large number of genome specific genetic markers have been developed, in particular for Brassica and related species in Brassicaceae, and these can be used to verify the SCM pattern of individual species
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