Abstract
Under changing climate, soil salinity and sodicity is a limiting factor to crop production and are considered a threat to sustainability in agriculture. A number of attempts are being made to develop microbe-based technologies for alleviation of toxic effects of salts. However, the mechanisms of salt tolerance in agriculturally important crops are not fully understood and still require in-depth study in the backdrop of emerging concepts in biological systems. The present investigation was aimed to decipher the microbe-mediated mechanisms of salt tolerance in maize. Endophytic Pseudomonas geniculate MF-84 was isolated from maize rhizosphere and tagged with green fluorescent protein for localization in the plant system. Confocal microphotographs clearly indicate that MF-84 was localized in the epidermal cells, cortical tissues, endodermis and vascular bundles including proto-xylem, meta-xylem, phloem and bundle sheath. The role of P. geniculate MF-84 in induction and bioaccumulation of soluble sugar, proline and natural antioxidants enzymes in maize plant was investigated which lead not only to growth promotion but also provide protection from salt stress in maize. Results suggested that application of P. geniculate MF-84 reduces the uptake of Na+ and increases uptake of K+ and Ca2+ in maize roots indicative of the role of MF-84 in maintaining ionic balance/homeostasis in the plant roots under higher salt conditions. It not only helps in alleviation of toxic effects of salt but also increases plant growth along with reduction in crop losses due to salinity and sodicity.
Highlights
MethodsThese morphotypes were further screened and characterized for salt tolerance [9]
Soil salinization, environmental pollution, water scarcity and growing world population are considered greater threats to global food production and supply in the 21st century
The antimicrobial activities was evaluated following the methods of Singh et al [30], Briefly, test strains were placed at the edge of PDA plate, and mycelial plug
Summary
These morphotypes were further screened and characterized for salt tolerance [9]. The antimicrobial activities was evaluated following the methods of Singh et al [30], Briefly, test strains were placed at the edge of PDA plate, and mycelial plug (5 mm) of phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctoniasolani was inoculated at the centre of the same PDA plate. There were five replicate (plates) and the experiment was repeated twice. The plant growth promoting traits, such as solubilization of phosphate, potash and zinc, IAA production, siderophore production of the test strains were evaluated under in vitro conditions as per the methods described by
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