Abstract
Abstract The Late Saalian end moraines of southwestern Poland contain several features that may be attributed to the formation that is predominantly controlled by the deposition of sorted (waterlaid) sediments. These hills are essentially small alluvial fans with ice-contact facies. They have a semi-conical form, plano-convex geometry, their distal slopes are up to 5°, and proximal slopes are between 5° and 20°. The sedimentary sequences contain two units: the lower unit comprises coarse-grained material of gravel-bed sheetflow facies and gravel-bed channel facies with subordinate high-energy channel flow facies and boulders up to 1.8 m in diameter. The upper unit contains sand-bed sheetflow facies and sand-bed channel facies. The sediment bedding is usually conformable with and parallel to the inclined fan surface. These sequences represent typical proximal–distal fan facies associations, with a high-energy and pulsatory water discharge in the proximal zone. The fans, in spite of their formation in the proglacial zone, have geomorphological features and sedimentary sequences that are very similar to present-day fans, and are equivalent to sheetflow-dominated or ‘humid’ alluvial fans in non-glacial environments.
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