Abstract
Nagri Formation, the subject of this study, lies in northeastern part of Kashmir basin, Pakistan along a belt of about 250-kilometer square. The Nagri Formation forms alternate beds of sandstone, claystone and/or mudstone. These are molasse deposits formed during the Himalayan orogeny and are early Pliocene in age. The Formation consists of six sedimentary facies: para-conglomerate (N1) comprised of massive conglomerates with the absence of grading and matrix supported fabric of clayey sand; ortho-conglomerate (N2) are normal graded conglomerates and are poorly sorted having clasts supported fine to very coarse grain matrix; massive sandstone (N3) is composed of medium to coarse sized grains, contains massive sandstone beds and is poorly sorted with scattered pebbles at some locations; cross bedded sandstone (N4) consist of to medium to coarse textured, cross bedded sandstone; parallel laminated sandstone (N5) comprising fine to coarse grained and poorly sorted sandstone beds with thin parallel laminations; and mudstone (N6) comprised of massive claystone’s, siltstones and mudstone that lack any noticeable sedimentary structure. The conglomerates, sandstone and mudstone/siltstone/claystone facies are stacked in ascending order and are deduced as a sequence of channel bar and floodplain or over bank deposits confined to a braided fluvial system.
Highlights
The Nagri Formation has paced out a 55-km length and 30 km width in Northeastern part of Kashmir basin, Pakistan along a belt with preferred orientation of deposits towards northeast and southwest directions
Mudstone and thin sandstone bodies of Nagri Formation are declared as the overbank deposits [1]
The Himalayan foreland basin is surrounded by Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and Himalayan Frontal Thrust towards its northern and southern halves, respectively
Summary
The Nagri Formation has paced out a 55-km length and 30 km width in Northeastern part of Kashmir basin, Pakistan along a belt with preferred orientation of deposits towards northeast and southwest directions. The information regarding the environment(s) of deposition of Nagri Formation is ambiguous and no significant work has been done from this perspective in the study area (Figure 1; Figure 2). Assiduously interpreted thick Nagri Formation sandstone as the sinuous and braided stream deposits in the Indus basin (Potwar sub-basin) Pakistan [1]. One of researcher has revealed that the sand and dislodged gravels are transported and deposited by means of ancient braided stream patterns [2]. The mollasse deposits are bounded by Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis on the northwestern and northeastern sides in Kashmir basin and the nearby areas. The subject of this study confined Nagri Formation of the mollasse sequence of the area
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