Abstract
The stable operation of Pelton turbine under sediment conditions is the key guarantee of the hydropower storage power generation system. This research focuses on sediment erosion characteristics of a full-size Pelton turbine runner under rated working conditions through numerical simulation. The primary objective is to study the influences of different sediment concentrations (0.6 %, 0.45 %, and 0.15 %) and diameters (1 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.01 mm, and 0.001 mm) on Pelton turbine runner. Primarily, Runner efficiency is most affected by the concentrations of sediment present, followed by the diameters. Additionally, the relationships between the different sediment concentrations and diameters and the sediment erosion characteristics of the runner are established by comparing the results of experimental and numerical simulations. The sediment concentration mainly affects the surface erosion amounts and raising the sediment concentration exacerbates the surface erosion amounts. The sediment diameters primarily affect the distribution of erosion regions on the runner. Sediment particles with large diameters (d ≥ 0.1 mm) tend to create concentrated erosion regions on both sides of the water outlets of the buckets and at the splitter edge. Conversely, sediment particles with small diameters (d < 0.1 mm) result in additional dispersed erosion regions on the surfaces of the buckets.
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