Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Sleep Duration: Associations with Body Composition in Fibromyalgia. The Al-Andalus Project.

Blanca Gavilán-Carrera,Manuel Delgado-Fernández,Virginia A Aparicio,Pedro Acosta-Manzano,Alberto Soriano-Maldonado,Milkana Borges-Cosic,Víctor Segura-Jiménez

doi:10.3390/jcm8081260

Abstract

To explore the individual–independent relationships of sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) (light and moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA)), with sleep duration and body composition (waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and muscle mass index) in women with fibromyalgia, and to determine whether these associations are independent of physical fitness. This cross-sectional study involved 385 women with fibromyalgia. ST and PA were assessed by triaxial accelerometry, sleep duration was self-reported. Waist circumference was measured using an anthropometric tape, and body weight, body fat percentage, and muscle mass were estimated using a bio-impedance analyzer. In individual regression models, ST and sleep were directly associated with waist circumference, BMI, and body fat percentage (β between 0.10 and 0.25; all p < 0.05). Light PA and MVPA were inversely associated with waist circumference, BMI, and body fat percentage (β between −0.23 and −0.12; all p < 0.05). In multiple linear regression models, ST (β between 0.17 and 0.23), light PA (β between −0.16 and −0.21), and sleep duration (β between 0.11 and 0.14) were independently associated with waist circumference, BMI, and body fat percentage (all p < 0.05). MVPA was associated with waist circumference independent of light physical activity (LPA) and sleep duration (β = −0.11; p < 0.05). Except for MVPA, these associations were independent of physical fitness. These results suggest that longer ST and sleep duration, and lower PA levels (especially light intensity PA), are independently associated with greater adiposity, but not muscle mass, in women with fibromyalgia. These associations are, overall, independent of physical fitness.

Highlights

An unfavorable body composition can have harmful consequences, and the growing prevalence of this problem is a public health concern [1]
These results suggest that longer sedentary time (ST) and sleep duration, and lower physical activity (PA) levels, are independently associated with greater adiposity, but not muscle mass, in women with fibromyalgia
The present results show that, in women with fibromyalgia, increased ST and sleep duration, and less light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), are individually associated with increased obesity indicators, but not with MMI

Summary

Introduction

An unfavorable body composition can have harmful consequences, and the growing prevalence of this problem is a public health concern [1]. Abdominal obesity, and low percentage of muscle mass increase the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease and are associated with higher all-cause mortality [2,3]. An unfavorable body composition is associated (often bi-directionally) with worse mental health [4], sleep [5], and physical function [6]. Women with fibromyalgia commonly have an unfavorable body composition (higher body mass index [BMI], a larger waist circumference, and a higher percentage of body fat) [8] and are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to the general population [9]. It would be interesting to know how modifiable factors potentially associated to obesity, such as lifestyle behaviors (sedentary time (ST), physical activity (PA), sleep duration, etc.) are related to parameters of body composition in fibromyalgia

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Discussion

Conclusion