Abstract
ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To describe the methodological characteristics of the studies selected and assess variables associated with sedentary behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents.METHODS For this systematic review, we searched four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, LILACS, SciELO. Also, electronic searches were applied in Google Scholar. A supplementary search was conducted in the references lists of the included articles and in non-indexed journals. We included observational studies with children and adolescents aged from three to 19 years developed in Brazil, presenting analyses of associations based on regression methods and published until September 30, 2014.RESULTS Of the 255 potential references retrieved by the searches, 49 met the inclusion criteria and composed the descriptive synthesis. In this set, we identified a great number of cross-sectional studies (n = 43; 88.0%) and high methodological variability on the types of sedentary behavior assessed, measurement tools and cut-off points used. The variables most often associated with sedentary behavior were “high levels of body weight” (in 15 out of 27 studies; 55.0%) and “lower level of physical activity” (in eight out of 16 studies; 50.0%).CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review raise the following demands to the Brazilian agenda of sedentary behavior research geared to children and adolescents: development of longitudinal studies, validation of measuring tools, establishment of risk cut-offs, measurement of sedentary behavior beyond screen time and use of objective measures in addition to questionnaires. In the articles available, the associations between sedentary behavior with “high levels of body weight” and “low levels of physical activity” were observed in different regions of Brazil.
Highlights
Sedentary behavior represents activities of little movement, which occur with the body in sitting or reclining position, and present energy expenditure close to that observed in the resting state (< 1.5MET)[1,50]
We searched for scientific articles that adequately met the following criteria: (i) observational studies; (ii) developed in the Brazilian territory, regardless of their representativeness; (iii) with results of associations based in regression methods; (iv) reporting measures of sedentary behavior, either by total or type-specific exposure, domain or a combination, regardless if evaluated as exposure or outcome variable, and (v) involving child
After assessment of titles and abstracts and considering nine articles retrieved in references lists, 88 references were conduced to full text assessment
Summary
Sedentary behavior represents activities of little movement, which occur with the body in sitting or reclining position, and present energy expenditure close to that observed in the resting state (< 1.5MET)[1,50]. Nowadays, it comprehends activities present in a big part of everyday life, whether in people’s leisure time (talking to friends, using the phone, watching television, using computers or videogames), in transit (driving, riding public transportation, standing up), or even in environments such as work and school, where people are exposed to longer periods sitting down. Despite this limitation, the Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE – Brazilian National School-Based Health Survey) showed that the prevalence of adolescents exposed to at least two hours a day of television is high all over the country (78.0% in total, 79.2% in the female sex, and 76.7% in the male sex)[46]
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